Applications of GIS in Civil Enigneering
From Civil Engineering Wiki Encyclopedia
Categories | 
Megastructures | 
Building Construction | Civil Engineering Dictionary | PreCast Concrete Systems | 
Dams
Contents |
Applications of GIS in Civil Engineering
- Transportation
- Watershed analysis
- Remote sensing
- Wastewater, stormwater and Solid Waste Management
Applications of Geographic Information System in Transportation Engineering
Location-Allocation
- Finding a subset of locations from a set of potential or candidate locations that best serve some existing demand so as minimize some cost
- Locate sites to best serve allocated demand
- Application areas are warehouse location, fast food locations, fire stations, schools
Location-Allocation Inputs
- Customer or demand locations
- Potential site locations and/or existing facilities
- Street network or Euclidean distance
The best sites
- The optimal allocation of demand locations to those sites
- Lots of statistical and summary information about that particular allocation
Synergy between spatial data and analysis
- Imagine you are a national retailer
- You need warehouses to supply your outlets
- You do not wish the warehouses to be more than 1000 km from any outlet
Other Transportation Applications
Planning & locating new roadway corridors
- Transportation – Emergency Operations
- Transportation maps are critical
- Disaster response plans can be developed
- Outside computer models used for advance warnings
- Land use maps enhance emergency operations
Watershed Characterization
- Relate physical characteristics to water quality & quantity
- Data – land use & land cover, geology, soils, hydrography & topography – related to hydrological properties
Applications
- Estimate the magnitude of high-flow events, the probability of low-flow events
- Determine flood zones
- Identify high-potential erosion areas. For example, BASINS, HEC-RAS, MIKE11 models integrated with GIS
Slope Stability Analysis
- Derive physical characteristics, area, perimeter, flow path length, maximum width, average closing angle, watershed topology, soil * data
- Derive watershed characteristics, watershed boundaries, drainage network, slope & aspect maps
Remote Sensing
- Image backdrop
- Source of information on: land use/land cover, vegetation type, distribution, condition, surface waters, river networks
- Geomorphology
- Monitor change
Related Pages
